Jack the Ripper, the world’s most notorious serial killer; is thought to have have killed at least five women during the Autumn of 1888.
The five women murdered during the Autumn of 1888, were all killed in a matter of weeks from each other. From August 31st 1888, up to the 9th of November 1888, five women were killed at the hands of the notorious serial killer: Jack the Ripper. , Jack the Ripper is believed to have killed at least five women during the Autumn of Terror. These five women were: Mary Ann Nichols, Annie Chapman, Elizabeth Stride, Catherine Eddowes and Mary Jane Kelly: all of these five women were believed to have been killed by the same hand - that hand is believed to have been ‘Jack the Ripper’. However, it’s also been speculated that these were not his only victims.
Some theorists argue that Jack the Ripper had more victims than the five that were just listed - these five victims are known as ‘The Canonical Five.’ Some theorists argue that Jack the Ripper didn’t kill five women, and that he actually killed three women, or four of the Canonical Five women. For example: some theorists argue that Elizabeth Stride was not a victim of Jack the Ripper’s, because she was not mutilated. Whereas, - all of the other four women were mutilated by their killer. Others argue that Jack the Ripper did not kill Mary Jane Kelly. Some theorists believe that Jack the Ripper did not kill Mary Jane Kelly, because Mary Jane Kelly was killed by her killer indoors. Meanwhile, the other four Canonical victims, were killed outdoors. But; there is more to this case than just the Canonical Five victims: there are a total of eleven women who have been linked to Jack the Ripper. These eleven women's murders - are known as the ‘Whitechapel Murders’. The police at the time referred to the eleven murders as the Whitechapel Murders; and opened the case known as the Whitechapel Murders in 1888; it remained open until 1891. The Whitechapel Murders case was first opened on the 3rd of April 1888, with the attack and murder of a woman known as Emma Elizabeth Smith. Some have theorized that Emma Elizabeth Smith, was an early victim of Jack the Ripper’s. However, her attack and murder seems to have been gang-related, rather than that of a single murderer - therefore, along with the nature of the attack being different from the Canonical Five murders, rules Jack the Ripper out for the attack and murder of Emma Elizabeth Smith. Emma Elizabeth Smith was only the first Whitechapel Murders victim; most of the victims were murdered in 1888. A woman named Martha Tabram was the next victim; she was murdered on the 7th of August 1888. Unlike Emma - Martha Tabram's murder did have striking similarities to the Canonical Five victims. Not only was Martha Tabram a prostitute, she was also killed in a similar way to the Canonical Five. But, she was killed in a in a way that might suggest that the killer was less experienced in killing. It could be suggested that due to amateurish nature of the killing of Martha Tabram, that she was the earliest victim of Jack the Ripper - or one of the earliest victims of Jack the Ripper.
After Martha Tabram's murder, there were four more murders that Autumn: what is known as ‘The Autumn of Terror’. The Autumn of Terror is also part of the Whitechapel Murders. The Autumn of Terror is what most people think of - and refer to - when they are talking about Jack the Ripper. The Autumn of Terror was at the height of the Whitechapel Murders cases notoriety. The Autumn of Terror is when five (the Canonical Five) women were murdered at the hands of Jack the Ripper. Most theorists agree that Jack the Ripper killed these five women - while a few disagree.
The Canonical Five were murdered on the following dates:
The night were Jack the Ripper murdered two women on the 30th of September 1888 - Elizabeth Stride and Catherine Eddowes - is known as the Double Event. The murder of Mary Jane Kelly marked the end of the Autumn of Terror. It is also believe that Mary Jane Kelly was Jack the Ripper’s final victim. However, it’s possible that Jack the Ripper had more victims than we don't know about. Some have even argued that. However. It's impossible to know how many victims Jack the Ripper had. He could have murdered more women than we know about. Perhaps there were more murders that took place during 1888 that we are aware about. But, what we do know, is that the end of the Autumn of Terror, didn't result in the end of the Whitechapel Murders. What is clear, is that the murder of Mary Jane Kelly, was not the end to the Whitechapel Murders case. There was one more women named in the Whitechapel Murders case from 1888, her name was - Rose Mylett. Rose Mylett was found dead by a police officer on the 20th of December 1888. It was thought at the time, that Rose Mylett was possibly another victim of Jack the Ripper’s. However, her death was possibly accidental, or a suicide. By the end of 1888, it appeared as though Jack the Ripper had vanished as quickly as he appeared. It seemed as if by the end of 1888, that the Whitechapel Murders had come to an end. Jack the Ripper may have been finished after the end of 1888. However, the Whitechapel Murders were not. And the case was still open. Over half a year went by until the next Whitechapel Murders victim was killed - Alice MacKenzie - who was killed on the 17th of July in 1889. Today, Alice MacKenzie is not regarded as a victim of Jack the Ripper by many. At the time, most involved in the case also did not feel that Alice MacKenzie was a victim of Jack the Ripper, though a few did believe that she was a victim of Jack’s. Others at the time suggested that the murder of Alice MacKenzie, could have been a copycat killing - where the killer was either trying to make it look as if the murder was that of Jack the Ripper’s, or that he was just copying. Largely, 1889 was mostly quiet, and Alice MacKenzie was the only known victim to have been murdered that year. There was one other incident: there was a torso found on the 10th of September 1889, which was thought to have been from a woman. But most do not think that this toroso, was the work of Jack. There was one last Whitechapel Murder before the Whitechapel Murders case was closed. The last Whitechapel Murder was on the 13th of February 1891, when a women named Francis Cole was murdered. Again, Francis Cole’s murder did have similarities with the Canonical Five murders. However, it was also thought that her murder was another copycat type killing. And, therefore, not the work of Jack. After the murder of Francis Cole, the Whitechapel Murders case was closed. However, the Whitechapel Murders case, is probably the most debated about, and speculated about case in history. Even today, well over 100 years later, people still debate the Whitechapel Murders case, speculating which of these women were murdered at the hands of Jack the Ripper, and who was not.
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