On this day in history, the RMS Carpathia reached New York. The RMS Carpathia reached New York on the 18th of April 1912 with the survivors of Titanic. Titanic hit an iceberg at 11.40pm on the 14th of April 1912 and sank into the Atlantic Ocean at 2.20am in the early morning hours of the 15th of April 1912. The RMS Carpathia reached the scene where Titanic had sank several hours later to rescue Titanic's survivors. Carpathia had picked up a wireless distress signal from Titanic just after midnight on the 15th of April, this was as Titanic was in the early stages of sinking. However, Carpathia was sadly too far away from Titanic in time to save everyone. Carpathia was over an hour away from Titanic when she received Titanic's distress signal, upon receiving Titanic's distress signal, the Carpathia made her way straight towards Titanic. Carpathia arrived at the scene of where Titanic sank around 4am on the morning of the 15th of April, where she rescued the survivors of Titanic's ill-fated voyage. It took several hours for Carpathia to rescue Titanic's survivors and bring them on-board, where they were looked after by Carpathia's crew. Carpathia left the wreckage scene around 9am with hundreds of Titanic's survivors and made her way to New York. It took Carpathia several days to reach New York: Carpathia reached New York on the evening of the 18th of April 1917. Carpathia reached New York just hours after Titanic was supposed to reach New York.
If Titanic's maiden voyage been successful, Titanic would have reached New York on the 17th of April 1917.
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On this day, Titanic's Lifeboats were tested.
The lifeboats of the Titanic were tested on the 25th of March 1912, just one week before Titanic was due to set sail on her sea trials. Titanic was due to have her sea trials on the 1st of April 1912, however, due to poor weather, her sea trials were delayed for a day, and instead went ahead on the 2nd of April.
Titanic's Lifeboats were tested to ensure they were strong enough to hold passengers, the lifeboats were lowered into the water at Belfast to test their strength and operation.
To test the lifeboats, the lifeboats were filled up with yard workers, who helped test the strength and function of the boats. The lifeboats were tested under davit (a small crane that's put on a ship to help lower down lifeboats), each boat held 70 men. The 25th of March 1912 was an important day for the Titanic, as it was the day her lifesaving equipment was tested: all 16 of Titanic's Lifeboats were lowered and tested that day.
In total, Titanic had 20 lifeboats, 16 of these lifeboats were normal lifeboats and 4 of them were collapsible lifeboats.
Of these 20 lifeboats, there were three different types (design) of lifeboats - two of these lifeboats were wooden cutters and 14 were clinker -built lifeboats, these 16 lifeboats made up the normal lifeboats. While the other 4 lifeboats were collapsible lifeboats. Although Titanic is infamous for not having enough lifeboats for everyone on-board on the night of her sinking, Titanic actually had more lifeboats on-board than was legally required at the time. Titanic's Lifeboats had the capacity to hold 1178, however, with many more passengers and crew on-board, there was not enough lifeboats for everyone. Sadly, there was also room for more lifeboats on-board the Titanic. Sources: https://www.titanicbelfast.com/history-of-titanic/on-this-day/25th-march-1912/ https://www.historyonthenet.com/the-titanic-lifeboats
The ''Unsinkable Molly Brown'', was one of the most famous passengers on the Titanic.
Her real name was Margret Brown. Before The Titanic Margret Brown was born on the 18th of July, 1867, in Missouri, the United States of America. She was born in a city in the state of Missouri called Hannibal. Margret's parents were John Tobin and Johanna Collins. She had a least two brothers, one sister and two half-sisters. In 1886, she married James Joseph Brown. Margret met James during the summer of 1886 and quickly married him; they married on the 1st of September 1886. Although they had a quick marriage, they had a long marriage - their marriage lasted for 23 years until they separated in 1909. They separated just 3 years before Titanic set sail on her maiden voyage. Molly Brown On The Titanic
In her lifetime, Molly was a socialite, actress, human rights campaigner and a philanthropist.
She was one of the most high-profile people on the Titanic and, was a first-class passenger. She boarded Titanic at Cherbourg, France, on Wednesday the 10th of April 1912. Molly survived the Titanic disaster and was rescued on boat 6 and then later was rescued with the Carpathia, when the Carpathia reached the Titanic disaster site during the early morning hours of the 15th of April 1912.
Once she got on board the Carpathia, Molly tried to help the poor people who survived the Titanic disaster, by raising funds for the poorest passengers. She also tried to help people onto lifeboats while still on the Titanic as it was sinking, and, she wanted the lifeboats to turn around and help people who were tragically in the water when the Titanic finally sunk beneath the waves.
It is for her heroic and charitable acts which she is most remembered for on the night that Titanic was sinking and in history. The ''Unsinkable Molly Brown'' died 20 years after the Titanic disaster. She died on the 26th of October 1932 in New York City, aged 65 years old. Sources: https://www.geni.com/people/The-Unsinkable-Molly-Brown-1st-Class-RMS-Titanic-Survivor/6000000012422526870 https://www.biography.com/historical-figure/molly-brown https://www.encyclopedia-titanica.org/titanic-survivor/molly-brown.html https://www.factinate.com/people/facts-molly-brown/ https://www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/molly-brown-3392.php
On this day in history, Queen Elizabeth I was born in 1533.
Elizabeth I was the daughter of King Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn. She was the only child they had together. Though, Anne Boleyn did suffer several miscarriages to Henry. Elizabeth was the only child that Anne Boleyn had. King Henry VIII, on the other hand, had other children, but they were not to Anne Boleyn. Elizabeth was Henry's second daughter. His first daughter - Mary; who would later become Queen Mary I (also known as Bloody Mary) - was to his first wife Catherine of Aragon.
Henry had two daughters and a son. His son, Edward, was to his third wife: Jane Seymour. Edward would succeed his father to be king upon his death. But Edward was only a child when he became king and his reign didn't last long, as the young king died very prematurely while he was still a teenager. The passing from the crown from Edward to his half-sister Mary didn't go smoothly.
The passing of the crown didn't go smoothly as Lady Jane Grey claimed the English throne. Her claim to the throne of England didn't last very long though. Grey, became known as the 'nine-day Queen'. She became known as the nine-day Queen but was never officially crowned queen.
Lady Jane Grey was deposed from the throne by Edward's half-sister Mary, who had a stronger claim to the throne than her cousin Jane. Mary had her cousin Lady Jane Grey executed for attempting to take the crown from her, this resulted in Mary becoming the second of Henry VIII's children becoming monarch.
Mary didn't just become a monarch though when she became Queen of England, she also became the first Queen of England and made the way for future female monarchs to become Queen. One of those female monarchs was her half-sister - Elizabeth. Queen Mary, didn't reign for long on the throne, she was only Queen for a few years. In her dying days, Mary named her successor as her half-sister, Elizabeth. When Mary died, Elizabeth became the third and final of Henry VIII's children to become monarch of England. Elizabeth reigned the longest of the three siblings - she was one of England's longest-serving monarchs to this day,Elizabeth I reigned for a very impressive 45 years. The reign of Elizabeth is called the Elizabethan era. The Journey To Become Queen That journey to become Queen started in 1533 when she was born. Anne Boleyn is said to have found out that she was pregnant in January 1533. Then, on September 7th, 1533, Elizabeth (the future Elizabeth I was born).
On this day in history, Titanic passenger William James Elsbury was born. William James Elsbury was born on the 3rd of September 1863. Mr Elsbury was born in Somerset, in England.
His parents were James Elsbury and Mary Ann Pope. William married Eliza Jane Hucker. Both William and Eliza had four children together during their time together. Sadly, William died on the Titanic disaster, on the 15th of April 1912. This resulted in Eliza becoming a widow. Eliza lived a few decades after the Titanic disaster and died on the 16th of September 1946. After her husband had died, Eliza never married again. Instead, she died a widow.
Two of Eliza and William's children lived until the 1990s. Both of their children - Bernice M Elsbury and Loyd Elsbury - died in 1991.
William On The Titanic William was a third-class passenger on the Titanic. He got on board the Titanic at Southampton on the 10th of September 1912. It was at Southampton on the 10th of September 1912, that Titanic set off on her maiden voyage. Sadly, William James Elsbury was one of the passengers who died on the Titanic's ill-fated maiden voyage. He died on the 15th of April 1912, alongside over 1000 other people that night.
On this day in history, on the 24th of July 1567, Mary Queen of Scots was forced to abdicate the Scottish throne and flee Scotland in the process.
The Lead Up To Her Fleeing Mary Queen of Scots had her only child - a son named James - with her second husband, Lord Darnley, on the 19th of June 1566 at Edinburgh Castle. James would later become King James I of England and Ireland and James VI of Scotland. He was only a baby when he became King. The godparents of Mary Queen of Scots son was chosen as England’s Queen Elizabeth I and France’s Charles IX. The young James became parentless at a young age. His father, and Mary Queen of Scots second husband - Lord Darnley - was murdered just a few months after James was baptized. James was baptized on the 17th of December 1566 at Edinburgh Castle. Lord Darnley was murdered on the night/early morning of the 9th/10th of February 1567. He was murdered at about 2 am, when two explosions took off after gunpowder was placed near Darnley’s sleeping quarters that night - his sleeping quarters were at the Old Provost’s lodging at Kirk O’Field in Edinburgh that night and early morning.
Who Killed Lord Darnley?
Rather conveniently, Mary was away for the night at a wedding in Holyrood. during the time of Lord Darnley's murder. Was it just a coincidence that she was separated from her husband on the night of his murder? or was it an opportunity that Mary used to kill her own husband? We know that Mary and Darnley weren’t getting along prior to Darley’s murder; perhaps this could be seen as a motive in-and-of-itself. The murder of Lord Darnley also seems like it was premeditated - with Mary going to a wedding during the time that Lord Darnley was murdered, she would have had plenty of time to plan his murder and she was also the one who brought Darnley to the Old Provost’s to stay. Mary also showed form for planning murder. Or, at least, we know that she was prepared to murder, which gives her form. Mary was prepared to murder her own cousin, Queen Elizabeth I, therefore, if she was prepared to get rid of Elizabeth, then it seems reasonable to suspect that she may have been prepared to have got rid of Lord Darnley. There is evidence that Mary Queen of Scots plotted to kill Queen Elizabeth I, however, the same cannot be said of any evidence pointing Mary to Lord Darnley’s death. Regardless of that, it’s possible that she gave a silent nod, or was even happy at her own husband’s death, as Darnley was a drunk and violent (to name some of his ill-behaviour). Although there is a lot to point Mary towards the murder of Lord Darnley, she is not the main suspect to his murder. The main suspect to his murder is Lord Bothwell. Quite interestingly, Mary Queen of Scots married Lord Bothwell a few months after the murder of Lord Darnley. Before their marriage, Bothwell was accused of murdering Darnley. However, he was acquitted of the murder in February 1567, therefore, he was never found guilty of murdering Darnley. There are some things though that could suggest that Lord Bothwell murdered Darnley. Bothwell was ambitious, ruthless and opportunistic. It’s possible that Bothwell also wanted to be King of Scotland alongside Mary and probably did love her, as he tried to gather an army when she was captured by Elizabeth I. However, it is thought that Bothwell abducted Mary before she was captured by Elizabeth. The abduction happened on the 24th of April 1567: just a few months after Bothwell was acquitted Darnley’s murder. It didn’t take long for both of them to become married. Mary and Bothwell were wed on the 15th of May 1567, just a few weeks after Lord Bothwell had abducted her. The marriage wasn’t favoured by everyone at court it seems, which led to him fleeing from Mary on the 15th of June 1567, first to Aberdeen, then to Shetland and later to Norway.
The Abdication Of Mary Queen Of Scots
Lord Bothwell fleeing the country was the beginning of the end of Mary Queen of Scot’s reign. It was her own people, her own nobles that turned on Mary and imprisoned her in her own country. She became a Queen in name only at this point, as through being captured and imprisoned, her power as Queen and even her dignity as Queen was stripped from her. While much is said about the way that Elizabeth I treated Mary, not much is said about the way Mary’s own people treated her. Upon Bothwell fleeing the country, Mary’s own Scottish lords humiliated her in front of a spectator of crowds by denouncing her as a murderer and adultress in Edinburgh. Later that night, after Mary’s humiliating experience, she was imprisoned by the same lords in Loch Leven castle.
Mary Queen of Scots became imprisoned by her own Scottish lords.
While imprisoned at Loch Leven castle during the 11 months being imprisoned there, she suffered a miscarriage - which would have given her twins - and, she had a failed attempt where she tried to escape from the castle. Her second attempt was successful in escaping the castle though. Mary successfully escaped the castle on the 2nd of May 1568. Mary’s Abdication Before Mary abdicated in 1567 while imprisoned in Loch Leven Castle, she suffered a miscarriage. Mary suffered a miscarriage of twins between the 20th of July and the 23rd of July in 1567. It was only a day later, on the 24th of July 1567, that Mary Queen of Scots was forced to abdicate from the throne. Taking her place was her one-year-old son, James. Sources: https://www.historyextra.com/period/tudor/downfall-mary-queen-scots-execution-murder-lord-darnley/ https://britishheritage.com/history/mary-queen-scots-kill-lord-darnley https://www.history.com/news/mary-queen-of-scots-casket-letters-scandal Weir, Alison (2008) [2003]. Mary, Queen of Scots and the Murder of Lord Darnley. London, England: Random House https://www.thehistorypress.co.uk/articles/mary-queen-of-scots-great-escape/
Jane Seymour was publicly proclaimed Queen on the 4th of June 1536.
She was the third queen and wife of King Henry VIII. Before Jane Seymour, King Henry VIII married twice beforehand. The first woman he was married to was Catherine of Aragon, this marriage lasted from 1509 to 1533. The second woman he married was Anne Bolyen. The marriage between Anne Boleyn and King Henry VIII was much shorter, it lasted from 1533 to 1536. The kings second shortest marriage was to Jane Seymour. Jane Seymour married the Tudor monarch just days before she was proclaimed queen. They married on the 30th of May 1536 and she became queen of England just days later on the 4th of June 1536. They became engaged just several days prior to their marriage. The engagement between Henry VIII and Jane Seymour strongly suggests that they were courting each other while the king was still married to Anne Boleyn, as Anne Boleyn was only executed a day before the announcment of their engagement and she was only arrested a few weeks before her execuation: Anne Boleyn was arrested on the 2nd of May 1536 for charges that included adultry and treason.
Jane was only proclaimed queen, she was never crowned queen of England. The reason that she was never crowned was due to there being a plague in London at the time time.
But she did go on to get pregant. Unlike Anne who was pregnant when she got married to Henry, Jane was not - it would be several months after her marriage to the king that she would fall pregant with his child. She first became preganant around Christmas in 1536. However, she miscarried the child. It didn't take her long to get pregnant again though, as by January 1537, Jane Seymour was pregnant again. And this time, she carried the child to term. She gave birth to the future King Edward VI on the 12th of October 1537. Jane gave birth to the son the Henry had always wanted, and the son that his first two wives failed to produce. But, even though Henry finally got the son he always wanted, it wasn't an entirley successful pregnancy - Jane had difficulty giving birth and it ended in tragedy as it seems as if her death was caused several weeks after the birth of her son from complications she went through at childbirth. Jane died on the 24th of October 1537. It resulted her being queen for just over a year and one of the shortest monarchs in English history. But, even though her time as queen was short, she did make an impact, as she gave Henry VIII the son he had always wanted, she had brough Henry's first child - Mary Tudor (later to be queen Mary I), from his first marriage, back to court from being banished by the King and helped restore Mary Tudor to the line of succession. She also seems to be the woman that captured Henry's heart the most, as he refered to her as his true love and requested to be buried next to her upon his death. To this day, both Henry VIII and Jane Seymour are buried next to each other in St George's Chapel in Windsor Castle. Jane was queen from the 4th of June 1536 to the 24th of October 1537.
On this day in history, Anne Boleyn - King Henry VIII's - became queen of England.
She was not a queen that ruled in her own right. Instead, Anne Boleyn was queen consort. Even though Anne Boleyn was only queen consort, she was still incredibly powerful. Her powerful influence in the Tudor court and on Henry VIII, resulted in one of history's most important events: the English reformation. The English reformation was significant, as it weakened the Catholic church (probably the most powerful institution at the time). The Catholic church still remained incredibly powerful during the English Reformation beyond. However, the Catholic church lost much of it's authority over England, as Henry VIII became leader of the church in England as a result of the reformation.
Anne Boleyn was instrumental in breaking the Catholic churches grip over England, as she was sympathetic to the reformation cause. She was also instrumental in breaking Romes authority over England as Henry broke with Rome so he could marry her.
Henry chose to break with Rome because Rome refused to grant Henry a divorce: the Pope, Pope Clement VII, refused to grant Henry a divorce to his first wife - Catherine of Aragon. This in turn resulted in Henry VIII's rebellion towards Catholicism and the pope. The break from Rome was years in the making, as Henry VIII began his pursuit of Anne Boleyn long before his break from Rome. It is believed that Henry began to pursue Anne in early 1526. It was a long courting, as they married years later, on the 25th of January 1533 - by this point, Anne was pregnant with Henry's second child (and her first to him): the future Elizabeth I, who was born later that year in September. Henry's first child was to his first wife - Mary Tudor, who later became Mary I. Six months after Henry and Anne had married, Anne became queen consort. She became queen consort through her coronation, which took place on the 1st of June 1533.
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